Conventional Loan

A conventional loan is a type of mortgage not insured or guaranteed by the federal government. Instead, it’s issued by private lenders—such as banks, credit unions, or mortgage companies—and typically follows guidelines set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the two major government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs).

Key Features of Conventional Loan:

Not Goverment Backed Mortgage:

Unlike FHA, VA, or USDA loans, conventional loans have no federal insurance. Because lenders take on more risk, borrowers must meet stricter qualification standards.

Conforming vs Non Conforming:

  • Conforming loans meet loan limits and rules set by Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac.

  • Non-conforming loans (e.g., jumbo loans) exceed those limits or don’t follow GSE rules.

Typical Requirments:

Higher Credit Score:

  • (often 620+; better rates with higher scores)

Stable Income and Employment

Lower debt-to-income (DTI) ratio:

  • (usually under ~45%, though exceptions exist)

Down payment of 3%–20%+:

  • depending on loan type and borrower profile

Occupancy Requirement:

  • Must be your primary residence (no vacation or investment properties).

Mortgage Insurance:

Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI):

If you put down less than 20%, you typically must pay PMI.
However, PMI can be canceled once you reach 20% equity—something not always possible with government-backed loans.

Interest Rates:

Rates depend on credit score, down payment, loan size, and economic conditions. Borrowers with strong credit often get some of the best rates available.

Pros:

  • Can remove PMI once you have 20% equity

  • Flexible loan terms (10, 15, 20, 30 years)

  • Use for primary residence, second home, or investment property

  • Potentially lower long-term cost than government-backed loans if credit is strong

Cons:

  • Higher credit score and down-payment requirements

  • More strict on income/DTI eligibility

  • PMI adds cost for low-down-payment borrowers

Ready to Start Your Home-Buying Journey?

Whether you’re buying your first home or upgrading to your next chapter, I’m here to guide you every step of the way.